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Bladder Infections in Men, Women and Children

Posted by awiopian at Sunday, October 12, 2008
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Although many people associate a bladder infection with women, all humans are actually at risk for developing this infection. There are numerous causes for bladder infections, as well as urinary tract infections. Let’s take a look at some of the most common urinary tract infection in women, men and children.

Men

Although male urinary tract infections are not as many bladder infections as women, thanks in part to the length of their urethra, which makes it harder for bacteria to reach the bladder, most men will deal with the issue at least once in their lives. Urinary tract infections in men can be incredibly painful for a man, so it is important to understand what causes a urinary tract infection.

First, let’s look at an STD that is becoming increasingly more common and is one of the top causes of bladder infections in men. Chlamydia trachomatis is the second most popular bacteria that can lead to a UTI, and as the name suggests, it is related to the STD known as Chlamydia. You can get this STD through unprotected intercourse. Once the bacteria is present, it travels up the urethra, until it reaches the bladder. After it arrives there, a bladder infection will commonly ensue.

It is important for men that are afflicted with this STD to understand that they can pass the bacteria on to their partner. For women, this is also the second most popular bacteria responsible for a UTI.

By far however, the most common cause of male bladder infection is the bacteria called e-coli. This bacteria is present in most digestive tracts and improper hygiene or specific sex acts can increase the risks of having this bacteria cause a bladder infection in men. Once again, this can also be transmitted during sex, to both partners.

Kidney stones are a common affliction for many man, and one of the usual side effects of this problem is a UTI. The stone creates a blockage in the urethra, which allows bacteria to build up, therby causing a bladder infection. This is a more difficult situation to handle since hygiene does not play as large of a role. Every human has bacteria in their system, but when it builds up, it can easily cause bladder infections in men and women.





Children

By far, the most common cause of urinary tract infections in children is improper hygiene. For children that are just starting their bathroom training, it can be difficult for them to grasp the necessity that they must wipe in the proper direction, from front to back, in order to keep clean. They may have coordination issues at first, and it is quite common for children to experience a UTI during this stage of their lives.

Even if they are past this point in their training, if parents do not effectively monitor hygiene practices, frequent infections can occur. Since this is such a common cause for bladder infections in children, parents must really drive this particular lesson home with their children.

A lack of hand washing can also lead to urinary tract infections in children. They may not be as diligent as they could be, and it is very easy for them to spread the before mentioned bacteria, e-coli to themselves as well as one another. Children must be taught that hand washing is absolutely mandatory to avoid this type of infection.

Women

By far, women have to deal with UTI’s much more frequently than man. There are many causes for female bladder infections that are similar to what men face. Sexual activity is usually the number one issue and cause of bladder infections for women. Whether the woman is using a diaphragm as birth control, or the act itself pushes bacteria into the urethral area, there are many risk factors that women face.

Although these can usually be treated with medication, there are times when this may be complicated by other factors. For example, treating a bladder infection during pregnancy can be risky. Some medications pose a danger to the fetus, so proper medical care is necessary when this is the case.

For some women, urinary tract infection during pregnancy can be attributed to frequent bladder infections. The bladder may not be able to empty all the way, depending on the location of the fetus, and this can lead to a build up of bacteria. Inflammation starts and before long, a full blown bladder infection can occur. If you are pregnant and experiencing frequent UTI’s, it is best to discuss your options with your doctor.

Other causes of bladder infections in women include as we mentioned before, the use of a diaphragm as well as some sexual practices. When a diaphragm is used as a contraceptive, it effectively blocks some debris, which can lead to a build up of bacteria. This bacteria travels up the urethral tract, eventually stopping in the bladder, where it causes a full blown bladder infection.

Sexual relations with men that are infected with the chlamydia trachomatis bacteria can also cause bladder infections in women. This is associated with a common STD that we mentioned earlier in this article. The main issue at hand is that many men do not experience many symptoms with this SID and they may not be aware that they are spreading it.

Certain physical conditions can also be the cause of bladder infections in women. For example, those that suffer from diabetes are usually quite likely to have at least a few bladder infections on a regular basis. Other conditions that suppress the immune system, such as AIDS, can also be blamed as a frequent cause of urinary tract infections in women.

One of the most elusive causes of bladder infections in women may actually be genetics. Although the theory is still being studied, doctors have found that patients with family members that had frequent UTI’s are much more likely to suffer them as well. Research is continuing on this premise, but for now, if you do have a family history of dealing with UTI’s, it is important to let your doctor know.

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Dealing with pregnancy

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Alternatives To Hysterectomy

A hysterectomy is a big decision to take, and women may like to consider alternatives to hysterectomy and discuss these alternatives with their doctor. Here are some of the alternatives to the medical problems that are treated with a hysterectomy.

Fibroids

Some of the alternative treatment options for fibroids include:
  • Waiting until menopause;
  • Inducing temporary menopause by taking GNRH analogues;
  • Mirena intra-uterine system;
  • Heat or laser therapy to reduce the size of the fibroids;
  • Surgically removing the fibroids;
  • Uterine fibroid embolisation.
Heavy Bleeding
Some of the alternative treatment options for heavy bleeding include:
  • Non-hormonal drugs like NSAIDs and tranexamic acid;
  • Hormonal drugs (including the oral contraceptive);
  • Mirena intra-uterine system;
  • Removing the endometrium by endometrial ablation.
Uterine Prolapse
Some of the alternatives for uterine prolapse include:
  • Pelvic floor exercises;
  • Ring pessary;
  • Other surgical procedures.
Endometriosis/Adenomysosis
Some of the alternatives for endometriosis/adenomyosis include:
  • Hormonal drugs (progestins, Danazol and GNRH analogues);
  • Removal of the endometrial tissue;
  • Mirena intra-uterine system.
Cancer
There is no real alternative for treating cancer, except with a hysterectomy.

Benefits of Hysterectomy

A hysterectomy can be a difficult decision to make and other options may like to be considered before the hysterectomy is done. Some of the benefits of a hysterectomy include:
  • Can be life-saving in the case of cancer;
  • Can more effectively treat certain medical conditions than other methods;
  • A hysterectomy will often remove the chances of the problem reoccurring.

Risks of Hysterectomy

There are some risks in any hysterectomy procedure. Some of these risks include:
  • Post-operative fever and infection;
  • Formation of a blood clot in the lungs;
  • Damage to surrounding organs;
  • Urinary complaints;
  • Risk of vaginal vault prolapse.

Making the Decision

Most women who face the prospect of a hysterectomy have some time to think about whether they want to undergo this operation. It is worth spending some thought about whether this is what you want to do before you make the decision. You should also discuss the different types of hysterectomy available with your doctor. A total abdominal hysterectomy has more recovery time and more risks than a vaginal hysterectomy.

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Dealing with pregnancy

Posted by awiopian at
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Severe Complications in Pregnancy

There are some severe complications in pregnancy for women as follows


Placenta Previa

Placenta previa is the implantation of the placenta over or near the cervix, in the lower instead of the upper part of the uterus. The placenta can completely or partially cover the opening of the cervix. This occurs in 1 of 200 deliveries, and happens usually in women who have had more than one pregnancy.
Bleeding During Pregnancy
Bleeding during all phases of pregnancy can potentially be dangerous, contacting your doctor is necessary if this problem is experienced. Vaginal bleeding is the secretion of any blood coming from your vagina (the tract leading from the uterus to the external genitals).
Preterm Labour
Premature labour occurs if a woman has regular contractions that cause the cervix to start to open or thin out (called dilation and effacement) before the pregnancy has reached 37 weeks of pregnancy. If a baby is delivered before the 37th week, it is considered to be a premature birth.
Postpartum Depression
Depression occurring after pregnancy is called postpartum depression. Hormonal changes in a woman's body can sometimes trigger symptoms of depression. Post problems after pregnancy can sometimes be treated with mild antidepressants and the depression will lessen once the hormones in the body have settled down.
Sciatic Neuralgia
Sciatic neuralgia is a pain from the buttocks down the leg to the foot or just the buttocks and thigh. This pain may be accompanied by numbness or weakness in the affected area. This pain is caused by a herniated disc in the back and can occur after childbirth.
Toxaemia of Pregnancy
One of the common after pregnancy problems that also may occur during a pregnancy, is toxaemia. This pregnancy-induced hypertension is a dangerous condition that can happen during pregnancy. The blood pressure may rise significantly and the swelling of ankles and hands, sudden weight gain and protein in the urine may be experienced.

It is important to avoid pregnancy problems by taking good care of your body during a pregnancy. Complications in pregnancy cannot always be avoided but by making sure to recognise any signs of possible problems will certainly help.

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Dealing with pregnancy

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How to Prevent the Complications in Pregnancy?

During pregnancy, a problem may occur or a condition may develop to make the pregnancy high risk. Many women experience pregnancy problems at some stage in their pregnancy and medical problems can sometimes spoil a very happy time.

One of the possible complications in pregnancy for example is the fact that sometimes pregnant women can be exposed to something that could produce birth defects (teratogens), like radiation, certain chemicals, drugs, or infections in the body. There is always a (slim) chance for disorders to develop. Complications can arise at any point in time during the pregnancy, or after the birth of a child.

What is Ectopic Pregnancy?

One of the problems in pregnancy that could be experienced is a so-called ectopic pregnancy. This is caused by the fact that a fertilized egg has planted itself in a place in the female body outside the uterus. Most of the time the egg will settle itself in the fallopian tube and that is why ectopic pregnancies are also referred to as tubal pregnancies. There is no space or nurturing tissue for a pregnancy to develop if this happens. As the fetus grows, it will eventually damage and burst the organ that contains it. If this happens severe bleeding can occur and can endanger the mother's life. A classical ectopic pregnancy cannot develop into a live birth.

Possible Complications in Pregnancy

During a pregnancy women can develop disorders that are not necessarily related to pregnancies. Some of these conditions increase the risk of problems for pregnant women or for the foetus. These conditions include disorders that cause a fever, infections, or disorders that require abdominal surgery. Other possible problems during pregnancy are:
Gestational Diabetes
About 1 to 3% of all pregnant women have a chance of developing diabetes during their pregnancy. This type of pregnancy diabetes disorder is called gestational diabetes. If this remains unrecognized and untreated, it can increase the risk of health problems during pregnancy and the foetus is at risk of dying. This type of diabetes is more common among obese women and among women of certain ethnic groups, particularly Native Americans, Pacific Islanders, and women of Mexican, Indian, and Asian descent. This type of diabetes can possibly cause thyroid problems and pregnancy risks.

Some doctors run routine screenings of all pregnant women for pregnancy diabetes. Other doctors test only those women who have risk factors for, like obesity and certain ethnic backgrounds. Blood tests are used to measure blood sugar levels.
Anaemia
Often pregnant women develop anaemia because they have an iron deficiency. The body needs double the amount of iron during pregnancy because iron is needed to make red blood cells in the foetus. Anaemia can develop because of a lack of folic acid. Usually this is prevented or treated by taking iron and folic acid supplements during pregnancy.
Placental Complications
There are some of the following placental complications as follows:
Placental Abruption
Placental Abruption is the premature detachment of a placenta from the wall of the uterus. The placenta can loosen incompletely or completely. The cause for this problem is unknown. This complication is more common with women who have a high blood pressure.

Continue to: Severe Complications in Pregrancy

Labels:

Dealing with pregnancy

Posted by awiopian at
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How to Prevent the Complications in Pregnancy?

During pregnancy, a problem may occur or a condition may develop to make the pregnancy high risk. Many women experience pregnancy problems at some stage in their pregnancy and medical problems can sometimes spoil a very happy time.

One of the possible complications in pregnancy for example is the fact that sometimes pregnant women can be exposed to something that could produce birth defects (teratogens), like radiation, certain chemicals, drugs, or infections in the body. There is always a (slim) chance for disorders to develop. Complications can arise at any point in time during the pregnancy, or after the birth of a child.

What is Ectopic Pregnancy?

One of the problems in pregnancy that could be experienced is a so-called ectopic pregnancy. This is caused by the fact that a fertilized egg has planted itself in a place in the female body outside the uterus. Most of the time the egg will settle itself in the fallopian tube and that is why ectopic pregnancies are also referred to as tubal pregnancies. There is no space or nurturing tissue for a pregnancy to develop if this happens. As the fetus grows, it will eventually damage and burst the organ that contains it. If this happens severe bleeding can occur and can endanger the mother's life. A classical ectopic pregnancy cannot develop into a live birth.

Possible Complications in Pregnancy

During a pregnancy women can develop disorders that are not necessarily related to pregnancies. Some of these conditions increase the risk of problems for pregnant women or for the foetus. These conditions include disorders that cause a fever, infections, or disorders that require abdominal surgery. Other possible problems during pregnancy are:
Gestational Diabetes
About 1 to 3% of all pregnant women have a chance of developing diabetes during their pregnancy. This type of pregnancy diabetes disorder is called gestational diabetes. If this remains unrecognized and untreated, it can increase the risk of health problems during pregnancy and the foetus is at risk of dying. This type of diabetes is more common among obese women and among women of certain ethnic groups, particularly Native Americans, Pacific Islanders, and women of Mexican, Indian, and Asian descent. This type of diabetes can possibly cause thyroid problems and pregnancy risks.

Some doctors run routine screenings of all pregnant women for pregnancy diabetes. Other doctors test only those women who have risk factors for, like obesity and certain ethnic backgrounds. Blood tests are used to measure blood sugar levels.
Anaemia
Often pregnant women develop anaemia because they have an iron deficiency. The body needs double the amount of iron during pregnancy because iron is needed to make red blood cells in the foetus. Anaemia can develop because of a lack of folic acid. Usually this is prevented or treated by taking iron and folic acid supplements during pregnancy.
Placental Complications
There are some of the following placental complications as follows:
Placental Abruption
Placental Abruption is the premature detachment of a placenta from the wall of the uterus. The placenta can loosen incompletely or completely. The cause for this problem is unknown. This complication is more common with women who have a high blood pressure.

Continue to: Severe Complications in Pregerancy

Labels:

Dealing with pregnancy

Posted by awiopian at
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Alternatives To Hysterectomy

A hysterectomy is a big decision to take, and women may like to consider alternatives to hysterectomy and discuss these alternatives with their doctor. Here are some of the alternatives to the medical problems that are treated with a hysterectomy.

Fibroids

Some of the alternative treatment options for fibroids include:
  • Waiting until menopause;
  • Inducing temporary menopause by taking GNRH analogues;
  • Mirena intra-uterine system;
  • Heat or laser therapy to reduce the size of the fibroids;
  • Surgically removing the fibroids;
  • Uterine fibroid embolisation.

Heavy Bleeding
Some of the alternative treatment options for heavy bleeding include:
  • Non-hormonal drugs like NSAIDs and tranexamic acid;
  • Hormonal drugs (including the oral contraceptive);
  • Mirena intra-uterine system;
  • Removing the endometrium by endometrial ablation.
Uterine Prolapse
Some of the alternatives for uterine prolapse include:
  • Pelvic floor exercises;
  • Ring pessary;
  • Other surgical procedures.
Endometriosis/Adenomysosis
Some of the alternatives for endometriosis/adenomyosis include:
  • Hormonal drugs (progestins, Danazol and GNRH analogues);
  • Removal of the endometrial tissue;
  • Mirena intra-uterine system.
Cancer
There is no real alternative for treating cancer, except with a hysterectomy.

Benefits of Hysterectomy

A hysterectomy can be a difficult decision to make and other options may like to be considered before the hysterectomy is done. Some of the benefits of a hysterectomy include:
  • Can be life-saving in the case of cancer;
  • Can more effectively treat certain medical conditions than other methods;
  • A hysterectomy will often remove the chances of the problem reoccurring.

Risks of Hysterectomy

There are some risks in any hysterectomy procedure. Some of these risks include:
  • Post-operative fever and infection;
  • Formation of a blood clot in the lungs;
  • Damage to surrounding organs;
  • Urinary complaints;
  • Risk of vaginal vault prolapse.

Making the Decision

Most women who face the prospect of a hysterectomy have some time to think about whether they want to undergo this operation. It is worth spending some thought about whether this is what you want to do before you make the decision. You should also discuss the different types of hysterectomy available with your doctor. A total abdominal hysterectomy has more recovery time and more risks than a vaginal hysterectomy.

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